专升本英语五大基本句型及专题训练

2024年08月01日 09:16:26
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  今天给大家分享的知识点是专升本英语五大基本句型,也是同学们学习专升本英语语法的基础,下面库课小编给大家分享一下具体内容,同学们也可以根据网课学习相关知识点。

  五大基本句型

  1. S+V (主+谓) S: 主语

  2.S+V+P (主+系+表) P:表语

  3. S+V+O (主+谓+宾) V:动词

  4. S+V+O+O (主+谓+宾+宾) O:宾语

  5. S+V+O+C (主+谓+宾+宾补) C:补语

  专升本备考网课免费领取:专升本英语高分从5种基本句型开始

  基本句型一:主语+谓语(主谓)

  该句型中谓语为不及物动词,本身可以表达完整意思,不需要宾语和补语,但有时会有副词、介词短语等状语修饰语。有时简单概括就是“谁+做”

  ① Every second counts.分秒必争。

  ② Our efforts paid off.我们的努力有所回报。

  ③ The boy is crying loudly. 那个男孩正大声哭着。(loudly为副词修饰is crying这一动作,做状语)

  ④ My mother cooks in the kitchen every day. 妈妈每天在厨房做饭。(in the kitchen 为地点状语 every day 为时间状语)

  翻译练习:

  1. 1984年至1990年我在光明小学学习。

  2. 时间很快过去了。

  3. 这几年我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。

  4. 在过去的10年间它的经济发展迅速。

  5. 过去他早上习惯于早起。

  参考答案:

  1. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990.

  2. The time passed quickly.

  3. Great changes have taken place in our hometown these years.

  4. Its economy has developed rapidly in the past ten years.

  5. He used to get up early in the morning.

  基本句型二:主语+系动词+表语 (主系表)

  该句式系动词和表语二者缺一不可,侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样。表语多为形容词,也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。系动词要记牢,口诀如下:

  五感五变三保持,一是一像永不忘

  (1) 五感: look , sound , smell , taste , feel

  (2) 五变: grow , turn , get go , become , come , fall

  (3) 三保持:keep , stay , remain

  (4) 一是: be ( am , is , are , was , were )

  (5) 一像: seem

  ① The flowers smell sweet. 花闻起来很香。(形容词作表语)

  ② As the saying goes, to see is_________________________. 正如谚语所说,眼见为实。(不定式作表语)

  解析: believing / to believe 现在分词和动词不定式均可做表语

  ③ Hearing the news, he seemed (to be )very angry. 听到这个消息,他似乎很生气。

  ④We feel __________________ in school uniform every day.每天我们穿着校服感到很轻松。解析:relaxed 形容词作表语

  翻译练习

  1. 当时他看起来不高兴。

  2. 我喜欢的运动是游泳和滑冰。

  3. 我擅长英语。

  4. 收到你的来信我很高兴。

  5. 在公路对面有一栋新教学楼。

  6. 图书馆里有各种各样的书籍、报纸和杂志。

  7. 天变得越来越黑。

  8. 这食物吃起来挺可口的。

  9. 这故事听起来很有趣。

  参考答案:

  1. He looked unhappy at that time.

  2. My favourite sports are swimming and skating.

  3. I am very good at English.

  4. I was so pleased to hear from you.

  5. On the other side of the road there is a new classroom/teaching building.

  6. In the library there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines.

  7. It is getting darker and darker.

  8. The food tastes delicious.

  9. The story sounds very interesting.

  基本句型三:主语+谓语+宾语 (主谓宾)

  该句式用于说明某人/某物做什么事即“谁+做+事”。谓语动词均为及物动词,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟一个宾语,动词、形容词、副词不可当宾语。

  ① I study English.

  ② I appreciated his kindness. 我感谢他的善意。

  ③ I put the newspaper on the table. 我把报纸放在了桌上。 (划线部分为状语)

  翻译练习

  1. 去年在学校电脑竞赛中我获得了一等奖。

  2. 在业余时间我喜欢听流行音乐和收集邮票。

  3. 我们也在校园内和周围种上了许多树。

  4. 晚上,我可以看电视新闻或看报纸。

  5. 在回家的路上他把钱给丢了。

  6. 才艺展示(Talent Show)将于6月18日在北京电视台举行。

  参考答案:

  1. Last year I won first prize in the school computer competition.

  2. In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps.

  3. We also planted a lot of trees in and around the school.

  4. He lost the money on his way home.

  5. Talent Show will be held in Beijing Television Station on July 18.

  6. In the afternoon, I’ll show you around and take you to some places of interest.

  基本句型四:主语+谓语+双+间接宾语 +直接宾语 (主谓双宾)

  该句式中的谓语动词需接两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。表示人的是间接宾语;表示物的是直接宾语。间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。

  ①After the sincere conversation with mom, I gave her a big hug.和妈妈真挚地交谈后,我给她一个大大的拥抱。(her 为间接宾语,a big hug 为直接宾语)

  ②First he showed the main process of making dough figurines.

  首先他向我们展示了做面人的基本步骤和技能。

  翻译练习

  主+谓(及物)+双宾(间宾+直宾)

  1. 去年王老师教我们英语。

  2. 明天我要给他写封信,告诉他这个好消息。

  3. 在我14岁生日时,爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。

  4. 昨晚我花了两小时才完成作业。

  参考答案:

  1. Mr Wang taught us English last year.

  2. Tomorrow I’ll write him a letter and tell him the good news.

  3. On my 14th birthday, Father bought me a new bike.

  4. It took me two hours to finish my homework last night.

  基本句型五:主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语

  此句式中的动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语,才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的,直接跟在宾语之后。

  ① She spoke in a louder voice to make herself heard. 她用更大声音讲话,让别人听到她的话。

  ②The traditional Chinese clothes will make the occasion attractive / appealing to the British guests.这种中国传统服装可使得这个场合中国味十足,对英国客人极具吸引力。

  翻译练习

  1. 当时我看到那些孩子在河边玩。

  2. 我们正在使我们的国家变得越来越美丽。

  3. 我注意到凯特整个早上都在图书馆里看书。

  4. 父亲叫我给他带些报纸来。

  参考答案:

  1. I saw the kids/children playing by the river at that time.

  2. We are making our country more and more beautiful.

  3. I noticed Kate reading in the library all the morning.

  4. Father asked me to bring him some newspapers.