安徽专升本英语常见的10种时态
2022年安徽专升本考试时间还不确定,为了帮助考生能取得一个好成绩,下面库课李老师给考生整理了安徽专升本英语常见的10种时态,正在备考的考生可认真查看,争取考出高分。
安徽专升本英语常见的10种时态
什么是英语时态
英语中谓语动词的时态(Tense)是-种动词的形式,不同的时态用以表示在不同的时间完成的动作或保持的状态。英语动词共有十六种时态,今天给兄弟集美们分享一下其中比较常用的十种时态。
先以动词do为例,将英语十六种时态列表如下:
01一般现在时
1.用于表示客观事实,现在反复发生或习惯性的动作以及存在的特征、状态等,常与often, always, sometimes,usually, once a week, every day, seldom等时间状语连用。
[例句]
The earth revolves around the sun.
The students get up at six thirty every morning.
2.表示按计划或安排好的将来的动作,常使用arrive,be,go, start, stay等动词。
[例句]
There is a dancing party tonight.
The plane arrives in Beijing at three this afternoon.
3.用在以as soon as, when, after, while, as, until, tll,whenever, the monment, the minute, immediately, directly等引导的时间状语从句中或以if, unless, as/so long as, incase, provided that等引导的条件状语从句中,代替一般将来时。
[例句]
I'll ring you as soon as he comes back.
If it is fine tomorrow we will go swimming.
The machine starts running the moment the button ispressed.
注: if条件句中,有will出现时, will是情态动词,意义为“愿意”,“肯"。
02一般过去时
一般过去时用于 表示过去某时刻或某- -时期内的动作或状态,也可表示过去习惯性的动作。常与表明过去时间的状语连用,如yesterday, then, just now, last month, twodays ago, in 1990,或由when或while等引导的表明过去时间的状语从句.
[例句]
We met him last week.
Where did you live when you were young?
He used to do fourteen hours a day.
提示:一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响,只说明过去。
03一般将来时
一般将来时用来表示将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况,也可表示将来反复发生的动作或习惯性的动作。
[例句]
We shall (wil) go to Nanjing tomorrow morning.
He will take part in an important race across theAtlantic.
The students will have five English classes per weekthis term.
表示将来时态的其他形式与用法:
1.“begoingto+动词原形”表示(能看出迹象)很快就要发生的事情或打算要做的事。
例: It is going to rain.
2.“be to +动词原形”表示安排好的动作或安排别人去做的事。
例: They are to meet in front of the hall.
3.“be about to +动词原形”表示即将发生的或正要做的事。
例: The conference is about to begin.
4.“be +现在分词”有时可表示按计划即将发生的一个动作,但仅适用于少数的一些动词(如arrive, come, go,leave, start等)而且常跟表示较近将来的时间状语连用。
例: My friend is arriving here the day after tomorrow.
提示:在美国英语中第一、二、三人称都用"will+动词原形”
04现在进行时
现在进行时表示此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。但表示后一种情况时,动作此刻不一定正在进行。
[例句]
We are making an experiment now.
Steve is studying Chinese in Beijing.
另外,现在进行时也可用来给习惯动作加上赞赏或讨厌等感情色彩。
[例句]
He is always cooking some delicious food for herfamily.
He is always finding fault with his employees.
提示:并非所有动词都有进行时,有些表示状态和感觉的动词通常无进行时,除非这类动词的词义发生变化。这类动词有: be, love, like, hate, believe, think (认为),feel, seem等。
[例句]
Do you see anyone over there?
Are you seeing someone off? ( see... off意为“为...送行”)
05过去进行时
过去进行时表示过去某- -时刻正在发生的动作,或过去某阶段内正在发生或反复发生的动作。通常带有一个表示过去时间的状语或状语从句或能通过.上下文判断的过去时间。
[例句]
We were having a preparatory meeting at two-thirtyyesterday afternoon.
She was writing a composition when you came in.
06将来进行时
将来进行时表示将来某时可能正在发生或持续的动作.
[例句]
I'll be reading this time tomorrow.
Most of the young people in the town will be meetingthem at the station.
07现在完成时
现在完成时表示目前已完成或刚刚完成的动作,也可以表示从过去某-时刻发生,现在仍延续着的动作或情况。
经常与for+一段时间或与since ( +时间一点)引导的短语或从句连用,也可与一些表示不确定过去时间的副词连用, 如already, before, ever, never, just, once, recently,yet, up to now, so far, thus far, up til/to now, in the last/pastfew years等。
[例句]
We have been to Shanghai once.
They have already finished the task.
He has studied English for more than 10 years.
08过去完成时
过去完成时表示过去某-时刻或动作之前已经完成的动作。在时间.上,它属于“过去的过去"。在句中常有明显的参照动作或有表示“到过去某时为止”的时间状语,如by,before等介词或连词引导的短语或状语从句。
[例句]
By the end of the war, the small workshop had
become a large factory.
The plane had taken off before we got to the airport.
提示①:在由after, as soon as, before等连词引导状语从句的复合句中, 由于连词本身已明确动作发生的次序,所以,这个从句也可以用一般过去时表示,不一定用过去完成时。
[例句]
Students went out after the bell rang.
I informed him of the progress of the work as soon asIarrived here.
提示②:在It is/ was the first/second/last time that...句型中, that后的从句谓语用现在/过去完成时。
[例句]
Is it the first time you've visited the city?
That was the second time that I'd visited England thatyear.
09将来完成时
将来完成时表示将来某时前将已经完成的动作, 也可以用来表示推测。
[例句]
By this time next year they will have built a hotel here.
Hurry up! Or the train will have left before we get tothe station.
10现在完成时
现在完成进行时表示从过去某时开始,一直持续到现在的动作。此动作或情况可能已停止,也可能继续下去。但强调到说话时为止一直在进行的动作。
[例句]
They have been working for IBM for 15 years.
I have been waiting for an hour but she still hasn'tcome. .
有些动词如play, stay, study, teach, wait等,在表示一直继续到现在的动作时,可以用现在完成进行时,或用现在完成时。
Bill has played (has been playing) basketball since hewas sixteen years old.
提示:现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别是:前者强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响。后者强调动作的延续性。
[例句]
I have thought it over.我已经考虑过这件事了。
I have been thinking it over.我-直在考虑这件事。
最后
考试中出现最多的时态是将来完成时、现在完成时、过去完成时、现在完成进行时,时间或条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一 般将来时。
针对这类题目,首先要抓住时间状语,判断是现在时间、将来时间还是过去时间?是短暂时间还是延续时间?其次要考虑主从句动作的先后问题。空格中应填入的动词是发生在题干动词之前还是之后,抑或同时发生,据此判断正确的时态。