干货分享：专升本英语常考知识点分享(下)
直接引语和间接引语
变间接引语要向前推一个时态!
例：
He said, ”I am sorry.”
He said that he was sorry.
定语从句who/whom的用法(介词+whom)例：
He is the man who lives next door.
I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards.
定语从句that/which的用法，通常可以互换，但下列情况必须用that(改错常考)：
先行词是all,much,few,little,something等不定代词
先行词有the only,thesame,the very修饰时
主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时
先行词既有物又有人时，先行词是序数词、形容词最高级时
as和which用法辨析，引导非限定性定语从句
as的先行词只能是句子，which的先行词可以是词。
表示一…就的引导词
as soonas/immediately/instantly/the moment/no sooner than/hardly
no sooner与hardly在句首时
要求句子倒装
so that 连用引导目的/结果状语从句
so adj./adv./many/few+that：There is so little time that…
such adj.+名词+that：Kathy is such a lovely girl that…
强调句型：It is/was 被强调的部分 that/who 句子剩余部分，和定语从句的区别：
It was 8 when I left home.(定语从句)
"wish +宾语从句"，表示不大 可能实现的愿望
表示现在的不能实现的愿望：主语+过去时;
表示过去的不能实现的愿望：主语+had done;
表示将来的不能实现的愿望：主语+would/could do
It was + 时间段+before…."过了多久才……"
It was not long before…."不久，就……"
It will (not) be +时间段+before…."要过多久(不久)……才……"(before从句谓语动词要用一般时态)
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as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像……(表示现在或将来的情况用过去时;表示过去的情况用过去完成时)
[例句]
Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.
as, though, although引导的让步状语从句。
[注意]
although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=though。它的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或名词放在连词前。
in case of…(+n.) "以防;万一";
in case that…"以防，万一……"(谓语动词用一般现在时态或should+动词原形)
作文段首高分句型
关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that____.
俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying that______. It"s the experience of our fore fathers;however，it is correct in many cases even today.
现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……;其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来，……
People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that______.To them,_____.
作文中间段落高分句型
相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。
On the contrary，there are some people in favor of___.At the same time，they say____.
但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。
But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of all，___.
对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……
______isnecessary and important to our country"s development and construction.First，______.What’s more, _____.Most important of all,______.
为什么……?第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于……
Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.Thethird is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______ is due to ______.I fully agree on the statement that ______ because______.
作文结尾段落高分句型
至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为……
As far as I am concerned, I agree on the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____.
总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。
In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future.
但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如，……，而……。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于(喜欢)……
But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____.Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.
就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……
Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.
至于我(对我来说，就我而言)，我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能……
For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can we _____.
英语作文表达常用句型短语(表达原因)
A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
The answer to this problem involves many factors.
The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...
Perhaps the primary factor is that …
表示比较
The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.
The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
A may be prefer able to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...
It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...
For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
Like anything else, it has its faults.
It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ...
表示批驳
It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more importantfact.
Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.
Many of us have been under the illusion that...
Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...
Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...
表示后果
It may give rise to a host of problems.
The immediate result it produces is ...
It will exercise a profound influence upon...
Its consequence can be so great that...
将要举例
A good case inpoint is ...
Such examples might be given easily.
...is often cited as an example.
表示证明
No one can deny the fact that ...
The idea is hardly supported by facts.
Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...
Recent studiesindicate that ...
There is sufficient evidence to show that ...
According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ...
反义疑问句速记口诀：
反意问句三要点，前后谓语正相反;
短句not如出现，必须缩写是习惯;
最后一点应注意，短句主语代词填
短文改错易错点四要法：
要先浏览全文，知道大意
要通过找句号把长句子拆分出来
要分析句子结构，再从“多、缺、错、对”四方面细看
要通读改后的文章，用语感通查
短文改错四看法：
看有无一致性问题(主谓一致、单复数一致)
看有无搭配错误(动宾搭配、介词搭配)
看词法和语法错误(冠词、非谓语动词误用)
看每行每句间的逻辑错误(甚至有外形相同的词汇误用)
