福建专升本英语语法:主谓一致(二)
福建专升本考试汇总,大学英语是每个类别必考的。而英语这门科目,词语用法与语法结构是重要的考核内容。库课小编接下来将语法相关知识点进行整理,方便同学们学习。今天分享的是主谓一致(二)
NO.1 主谓一致
上一篇分享了语法一致的类型,本篇分享意义一致的内容。
>>> 意义一致
(1)表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。
例:Twenty years is not a long time.
(2)有些集合名词,如family, team等作主语时,如作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数;如指其中每个成员,则用复数。
例:My family is big one.
My family are watching TV.
(3)不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none作主语时,也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词,谓语动词用复数;如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。
例:All of the work has been finished.
All of the people have gone.
(4)疑问代词作主语时,其谓语动词也有两种情况:主语表示复数意义,谓语动词用复数;主语表示单数意义,则谓语动词用单数。
例如:Who is your brother?
Who are League members?
(5)“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的词组作主语时,其谓语动词要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数,谓语动词用复数:名词是单数,谓语动词用单数。
例如:
It is said that 35 per cent of the doctors are women.
Three –fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
(6)half, the rest等表示不定数量的名词作主语时,如果所指为复数意义,动词用复数;如果所指为单数意义,动词用单数。
例如:
I have read a large part of the book, the rest is more difficult.
Only ten students attended the class because all the rest were off sick.
(7)由what 引导地主于从句作主语时,通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:
What she said is correct.
What she left me are a few old books.
(8)凡是以“定冠词+形容词(或分词)”作主语,往往根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果这种主语指的是一类人,谓语动词用复数;如果指的是一个人或抽象概念,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:
The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
The dead is a famous person.
>>> 专升本考点&难点
【非谓语还是主谓一致?】
判断依据:四个选项都是同一个动词且分别是该动词的单复数形式,或者四个选项既有谓语动词(do/does/did),也有非谓语动词(to do,doing,done)。
如果主语部分存在就近原则、就远原则的关键字,则说明考察主谓一致里面的就近原则/就远原则,即选谓语动词选项。
例题:
No one, except his two best friends, _____ where he is.
A. know 复数
B. to know
C. knows 单数
D. knowing --非谓语
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